Glossary

Definition Website security refers to the practices and technologies used to protect websites from cyber threats, including hacking, malware, data breaches, and unauthorized access. It involves securing user data, transactions, and website functionality through...

Definition Phishing is a type of cyberattack in which criminals impersonate trusted entities (such as banks, companies, or government agencies) to deceive individuals into revealing sensitive information. Attackers typically use fraudulent emails, fake websites, text...

Definition Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a security protocol that encrypts data conveyed between a web browser and a web server, ensuring that sensitive information remains private and secure. SSL prevents hackers, cybercriminals, and third parties from intercepting...

Definition Data encryption is a security process that converts readable data (plaintext) into an unreadable format (ciphertext) using encryption algorithms and keys. Only authorized users with the true decryption key can transform the data back into its original form....

Definition Penetration testing (pen testing) is a controlled cybersecurity attack performed to identify vulnerabilities in a website, application, or network before real hackers can exploit them. Ethical hackers, known as penetration testers, simulate cyberattacks...

Definition CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a security feature designed to discern between real users and automated bots. It requires users to complete a simple challenge, such as identifying distorted text,...

Definition To gain access to an account or system securely, users can activate Two-Factor Authentication (2FA). This is an extra level of security that requires that users verify their identity using two different authentication factors. The two factors typically...

Definition Malware (Malicious Software) is a broad term for any software designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to a computer, network, or website. Common types of malware include spyware, viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and adware. Malware can...

Definition A DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) attack is a cyberattack in which hackers overwhelm a website, server, or network with excessive traffic, making it slow or completely unavailable to users. These attacks are launched using botnets (networks of infected...

Definition A firewall is a security system that monitors, filters, and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined security rules. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network (like a website or business system) and untrusted external...

Definition HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) encrypts data between a user's browser and a website--a secure version of HTTP. It uses SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) to ensure that information, such as passwords, payment details, and personal data, is transmitted...